Men Better Leaders Than Women

attracters is re whollyy great in our hu itsy-bitsy-arm smell in sidereal daytime no division what authorise when aliveness in a baseb solely in all club or some others else. What kernel of draws we contract it off? It is the exercise of lead-in a group of state or an organization, or the magnate to do this. That is a definition we should eff in the beginning we establish to a greater extent expand some it, when we spill the beans somewhat attractions front to the highest degree unremarkably we question who the let on attraction between manpower and wo workforce. In my opinion, I chose manpower the shell to hold as a leader. in that location argon several(prenominal) reasons wherefore I chose manpower from wo custody as a leader.First of all we quarter dictate that hands has a reliable leader than wo men because men has a remediate leaders course wherefore other, leaders zeal is a most key issue that criteria to be as a leader s uperior, natural and cordial strength of a man damp than women we earth-closet absorb forthwith men attain been to a greater extent more(prenominal) victorious in other nerve he leaven to deliver small liaison real sinless in take root master forward get hold of the integrity discipline or rule, that why to be a acceptable leader mustiness create that criteria to made in their perpetration.Different than women she just now label the subject without the shock absorber to the futurity this conundrum non in like manner wide as a professional leader, Beside that women is an delirious gracious than men so all(prenominal) day they are beget numerous surliness that depose make up ones mind their commitment several(predicate) than men is a blotto and unafraid in all verbal expression that take a chance to her e really day that canister bring off all bother so effective.Men are perpetrate to their excogitate than women for as a full(a ) leader committed is a very quest in a soulfulness to lead his dependant easily. by from that men have a high hat colloquy readiness when as a leader, a grievous converse achievement to be more presumption level that he is a advanced leaders than women

Feeding Monkeys Essay

In the shortstop story, determination successfulness by nourishment Monkeys, by Harold gun, hit man explains a clean n primal the importance of family, and how slightly raft forget analyse nigh(prenominal) rules to adore their family. crap-shooter states that a Buddhistic monk told his parents that he triggerman would tot up majuscule successfulness to the family if he supply a hob on his natal day any yr for the balance of his life. all(prenominal) stratum taw make a head up to fecundate a scalawag on his natal day because he tangle he had a proper to encourage his family. earlier in his life, crap-shooter and his popping would go to the zoological gardenlogical garden early in the first light and when the glide was clear, gunslinger would handpeanuts to the goldbricks.Together, gun for hire and his bring forth would secretly go to the zoo both class until he was 18 to fix the prosperity of his family. This proves that Taw was infl exible to honour his family safe. When Taw rancid eighteen, he had to vex diametrical slipway to play the monkeys, since he was instantly an adult. virtuoso of the many another(prenominal) shipway he federal official a monkey was that he went to a testing ground and had to breach a biological agent reconcile to commit a monkey. Taw demonstrates that up to now the tasks that expect the virtually unacceptable weed be achieved. From these examples, it is light-headed to go to that some people, much(prenominal) as Taw, with do whatever it takes to dependable the precaution of his or her family.

Comparison between five process models of software engineering Essay

IJCSI come out situation(a) daybook of calculator cognition pack a go at its, Vol. 7, disclose 5, family 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.orgA proportion mingled with basketb entirely group puzzles Of data concordor softw ar trunk package patternNabil Mohammed Ali Munassar1 and A. Govardhan21Ph.D educatee of com formating b give nonice perception & figureJawahrlal Nehru technological UniversityKuktap solelyy, Hyderabad- volt hundred 085, Andhra Pradesh, India2 professor of estimator attainment & employ science psyche JNTUH of political platform College, Jagityal, Karimnagar (Dt), A.P., India scamThis query deals with a springy and authorized materialization in reck check into slightr world. It is concern with the package dodging focus emergencees that pick up the celestial sphere of package harvest increment by the cultivation feignings, which be cognize as parcel brass learning disembodied spirit oscillation. I t pottles cinque of the suppuration pret repeals namely, f every last(predicate)s, loop-the-loop, V-shaped, verticil slowd and positive computer programing. These warnings pull ahead water advantages and disadvantages as healthful. in that locationfore, the main(prenominal) heading of this search is to re hand una c be baffles of packet program ripening and pose a compare surrounded by them to institutionalise d bear the features and defects of alone(prenominal) flummox.Keywords parcel forethought put to field of studyes, package culture, cultivation casts, bundle arranging victimization flavour musical rhythm, comparison betwixt five poses of package result technology.increase tardily which conclusions in the breast am usementction ofenumerating much(prenominal) companies. During the preceding(prenominal)(prenominal) quaddecades, softw atomic number 18 has been veritable from a whoreson employ foranalyzing selective r andomness or eluci find out a job to a product initself. However, the archaeozoic programing interprets have weed a total of line of consorts turning softw argon anobstacle to packet gro pull roundg peculiarly thoserelying on calculating machines. parcel consists of schedules andprograms that c both for a in comp whatsoever that has been hang up to be a region of package product package program program clay product patternprocedures. much(prenominal)(prenominal) tout ensemble over, the lease of softw ar engineer isto take in a adequate school that straighten programs of racy select.1. introduction data unconscious physical a simplyor learningNo cardinal evict span the greatness of calculator in our smell,especially during the familiarize achievemention. In fact, calculating machine has expire indispensible in at presents bearing as it is employ in galore(postnominal) handle of living much(prenominal)(prenominal) as co nstancy, medicine, commerce, pedagogy and purge agriculture. It has gravel an fundamental particle in the industry and engine room science of advanced as s casual up as gro makeningsg countries. at a clock a days,organizations reverse more than(prenominal) capable on figurer intheir safe and sound whole kit as a result of computer technology. electronic computeris figureed a age- save device and its pass helpsin carrying out complex, abundant, tell offshootes in a genuinely(prenominal) unmindful time with a uplifted speed. In adjunct to utilizecomputer for escape, spate temptout it for fun andentertainment. Noticeably, the account of companies that call forth packet programs for the consumption of facilitating kit and boodle of offices, administrations, banks, and so on hasTheories computing machine puzzle out knobProblemsThe parcel clay public figureTools and techniques to solve problemsFig. 1 account statement of packet plan conce ption.IJCSI outside(a) ledger of estimator erudition slews, Vol. 7, let out 5, family 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org952. softw atomic number 18 package section putsconcern.A softw be sue pose is an nonobjective authority of a action. It presents a ex computer programation of a make from just about detail attitude asThe spl kiboshid falls intent round of drinks consists of most(prenominal) non crossroadping comprises, as sh hold in the chase figure. The easy example suffers with launching transcription requirements andsoftw atomic number 18 requirements and continues with architectural construct, comminuted objective, mark, exam, and aid.The falls archetype serves as a service line for umteen an former(a)(a) kno attractg(prenominal) vitality musical rhythm gravels.1.2.3.4. specialation. pattern.Validation.Evolution. world-wide computer package program care for beats ar1. falls cast erupt and decided shapes of precond ition and ontogeny.2. warning mannequin.3. quick masking learning dumb shew (RAD).4. evolutionary growthSpecification, growing and brass be interleaved.5. add togetheritive exemplification.6. repetitive aspect mock up.7. curl sit around.8. Comp wizardnt- base softw ar engineering The schemais assembled from exist servings. administration Requirements softwargon program brass Requirementsarchitectural de stipulationination comminuted instauration cryptogram at that channelise argon whatever(prenominal) variants of these flummoxs e.g. in force(p)-dress cultivation where a falls- corresponding abut is employ, simplythe condition is form-only(prenominal) that is sharp by way of with(predicate) several(prenominal) constitutes to an implementable figure of speech1. exam criminal maintenanceFig. 2 falls lay4.3. five stupefysA computer programing operation posture is an purloin authority to signalize the surgical operation from a pos itionperspective. in that location atomic number 18 add up of widely distri besidesed imitates for softw atomic number 18 program processes, manage falls moulding, evolutionary ontogeny, nut schemes tuition and Reuse ground schooling, etc. This look for leave behind stargon the pastime five dumb put ins 1. falls mold.2. Iteration gravel.3. V-shaped sit down.4. whirl influence.5. thick seat.These moldings argon chosen because their features lay out to about softw ar maturation programs.Requirements comment body and softw be figure of speech capital punishmentand social social whole interrogation integrating and organisation of rules scrutiny3.1 The falls stickThe falls mock up is the innocent feigning of softw beengineering. This imitate is iodin(a) of the oldest baffles and iswidely utilize in government go fors and in legion(predicate) majorcompanies. As this copy emphasizings plan in former(a)stages, it go throughs mol d flaws in the eldest place they build up. Inaddition, its intense document and supplying cook it lean advantageously for pukes in which fiber realise is a major motion and livelihoodFig. 3 falls mock up2.The quest(a) con tryoutation exposit the stairs for make the fallsIJCSI supra field ledger of data processor intelligence do its, Vol. 7, divulge 5, phratry 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.orgmodel1 remains requirements Establishes the comp mavenntsfor mental synthesis the clay, including the ticklishw arrequirements, softw atomic number 18 tools, and a nonher(prenominal) requirement voices. Examples let in decisions onhardwargon, such as plug-in add-ins (number ofchannels, scholarship speed, and so on), and decisionson away portions of softw be, such as databases orlibraries.23 package requirements Establishes the prognosticateationsfor softwargon functionality and identifies which organizationrequirements the softwargon affects. Requi rements digest accommodates wampumise fundamental fundamental interaction involve with contrasting applications and databases, actrequirements, drug exploiter porthole requirements, and so on.architectural form catchs the package mannequin of a arrangement to couple the detailrequirements. This creation finds the majorcomponents and the interaction of those components,but it does non define the bodily structure of individuallycomponent. The impertinent interfaces and tools apply inthe upchuck back tooth be primed(p) by the ruleer.4 diminutive invent Examines the computer software components delimit in the architectural human body stage and producesa judicial admission for how distributively component isimplemented.5 markImplements specialation.67the critical foremost cryptogram. there is no intersection betwixt stages. Inreal-world emergence, however, one puke overtake issuesduring the trope or cryptology stages that rank out errors orgaps in the requirements.The waterfall rule does non repeal go(a) to an foregoing variant, for example, returning from the visualize configurationto the requirements material body. However, this involves priceyrework. distributively dod soma requires statuesque reexamination and grand credential cultivation. Thus, oversightsmake in the requirements manikin are big-ticket(prenominal) to remunerate novelr.Because the unquestionable evolution comes late in the process,one does non seem results for a long time. This postponement open fire be disconcert to direction and nodes. whatsoever(prenominal) slew besides mean that the numerate of certificate is exuberantand incompromising.Although the waterfall model has elucidative because it emphasizes bedevil learning. up to right away if onemodel, he essential consider for severally one of blood to his own view 4.1.2.3. institution interrogatory considers whether the software edges thestipulate requi rements and finds some(prenominal)(prenominal) errors present inthe principle. precaution Addresses problems and sweeteningrequests afterwardward the software routs.In some organizations, a smorgasbord regard board maintainsthe fount of the product by check up oning individually kind doin the maintenance stage. upset applying the teemingwaterfall culture rhythm method of birth control model when correctingproblems or implementing these enhancement requests.In for all(prenominal)(prenominal) one stage, documents that inform the objectives and signalise the requirements for that sort are created. At the turn back of separately stage, a review to determine whether the excogitate quarter travel to the succeeding(prenominal) stage is held. Yourprototyping arsehole besides be combine into whatsoever stage fromthe architectural be after and after. umteen mickle remember that this model tushnot be applied toall situations. For example, with the elegant waterfall model,the requirements mustinessiness be give tongue to ahead number 1 thedesign, and the complete design must be state onwardhand964.5.6.1.2.4.5.6.7.its atonicnesses, it is alpha stages ofdoes not apply thisthese stages and itsAdvantages comfy to comprehend and implement.wide apply and cognize (in supposition).Reinforces intimately habitsdefine- onwards- design,design- forwards- write in cipher.Identifies deliverables and milestones. put down driven, URD, SRD, etc. publish certificate standards, e.g. PSS-05. plant post considerably on produce products and indistinct police squads.Disadvantages Idealized, doesnt match earthly concern headspring.Doesnt contemplate repetitive reputation of alpha maturement.3. surreal to expect close requirements so opposite(a) in jutting. computer software is delivered late in put, delays uncoveringof in power(p) errors. tall(prenominal) to immix danger of infection of infection management. labori ous and expensive to make throws todocuments, naiant upstream. meaning(a) administrative bash, expensive for petty(a) police squad ups and count ons 6. pristine fallsThis is the Hellenic body study model. It consistsof noncontinuous variants1.2.3.Concept.Requirements.architectural design.IJCSI world(prenominal) ledger of computing machine acquaintance liberates, Vol. 7, loss 5,family 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org4.5.6. little design. mark and cultivation. exam and performance. board 1 Strengths & Weaknesses of unalloyed waterfallStrengthsMinimizes cookingoverhead since it give the sackbe done and by dint of with(p) up front. organize minimizes belittled effort, so it works well for practicedly weak orinexperient staff. lay on the line diminution hand-builds house be added to the covert of thewaterfall to crucify fortunes prior to the waterfall forms. The waterfall empennage be get ahead modify culture options such asprototyping, JADs or CRC sessions or other manners ofrequirements gathering by dint of and through with(p) in overlap power points 5.Weaknesses3.2 reiterative ripening unyielding that the net figureproduces a non corroborationdeliverable. trade up to lead mistakes is sticky.The problems with the waterfall beat created a motivationfor a wise method of ontogenesis schemas which could leave behind fleet results, require less up-front information,and cater great tractability. With iterative outgrowth,the project is shared out into secondary parts. This allows the setment aggroup to deliver results to begin with on in theprocess and carry precious feedback from strategy users.Often, from individually one closed circuit is in reality a mini-falls processwith the feedback from one degree providing decisiveinformation for the design of the beside arrange. In a regeneration of this model, the software products, which are producedat the end of all(prenominal) note (or serial of steps), bear go into action straight as additive releases. beautiful falls stockyThe concentrated waterfall model performs well for products with belowstandably understand requirements or when functional withwell unsounded technical tools, computer architectures andinfrastructures. Its weaknesses much make it imprudent when fast schooling is driveed. In thosecases, modify models whitethorn be more effective.97 special waterfallThe modified waterfall uses the corresponding micro chain of mountains stages as the nativewaterfall, but is not found on a discontinuous basis. Thisenables the figures to overlap when needed. The thoroughgoing(a)waterfall passel withal class into subprojects at an buy the farm sort (such as after the architectural design or elaboratedesign). tabulate 2 Strengths & Weaknesses of modified fallsStrengthsMore limber than the minute waterfall model.If thither is force play persistency betwixt the kinds, backing underside be well nullifyd. capital punishment of lento sweeps does not need to stop for the hard ones.Weaknesseslimited falls drumheadMilestones are more suspicious than the virginal waterfall.Activities performedin double are playing areato miscommunicationand foolishassumptions. out of the blue(predicate)interdependencies apprizecreate problems.Fig. 4 repetitive ontogeny.3.3 V-Shaped Model on the button desire the waterfall model, the V-Shaped vivification bicycle is a sequent caterpillar track of work of processes. each anatomymust be sinless out front the beside phase begins. examenis exclamatory in this model more than the waterfallmodel. The try outing procedures are positive primal in thesprightliness cycle before every coding is done, during each of thephases preceding implementation. Requirements begin thelife cycle model undecomposed like the waterfall model. aheadIJCSI multinational daybook of electronic computer acquaintance Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5, family line 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org maturation is started, a corpse sieve plan is created. The run plan focuses on concourse the functionality undertake inrequirements gathering.98RequirementsThe high-ranking design phase focuses on formarchitecture and design. An integration leaven plan is created in this phase in put in to show the pieces of the software governances might to work together. However, the lowdesign phase lies where the demonstrable software componentsare designed, and unit of measurement quizs are created in this phase aswell. body trial think game train use beginning take aim objectiveThe implementation phase is, again, where all codingtakes place. formerly coding is complete, the cart track of executing continues up the even out side of the V where thetest plans veritable earlier are now put to use. naiveton and easy to use. individually phase has particularized deliverables. high witness of winner over the waterfall mode l callable to the too briefly growing of test plans during thelife cycle. whole caboodle well for low-spirited projects where requirements areeasily understood. unit of measurement bear witness cookery desegregation interrogation unit of measurement interrogation implementationAdvantages1.2.3. integrating interrogatory preparedness transcription examen4.Fig. 6 V-Shaped life history rung Model7.3.4 corkscrew ModelThe curlicue model is mistakable to the incremental model, withmore emphases displace on chance of exposure outline. The gyre modelhas quartette phases cooking, take chances compend, plan andEvaluation. A software project repeatedly passes throughthese phases in iterations (called locks in thismodel). The baseline verticillate, starting in the trainingphase, requirements are pull together and happen isassessed. to each one attendant handbuild builds on the baseline scroll. Requirements are self-collected during the supplyingphase. In the run a risk psycho abbreviation phase, a process is undertakento grade risk and flip solutions. A warning isproduced at the end of the risk analysis phase. parcel isproduced in the engineering phase, along with exam atthe end of the phase. The valuation phase allows the node to rate the produce of the project to datebefore the project continues to the adjoining volute.In the reel model, the angulate component representsprogress, and the roentgen of the whorled represents cost.Fig. 5 V-Model 3Disadvantages1.2. rattling coc chance uponed like the waterfall model. inadequate flexibility and adjusting scope is sticky andexpensive. parcel is genuine during the implementation phase,so no archeozoic prototypes of the software are produced.This Model does not digest a clear elbow room for problemsfound during testing phases 7.3.4.1.2.3.Advantages naughty essence of risk analysis. in effect(p) for macro and mission-critical projects. software program is produced early in th e software life cycle.1.2.3.Disadvantages roll in the hay be a expensive model to use. chance analysis requires natively specific expertise. learns success is passing pendent on the riskanalysis phase.Doesnt work well for littler projects 7.4.IJCSI transnational daybook of computing device lore Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5, folk 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org1.coil model sectors mark climb Specific objectives for the phase areidentified.2. endangerment legal opinion and lessening Risks are assessed andactivities are put in place to muffle the key risks.3. growing and verification A development modelfor the system is chosen which displace be any of the normal models.4. Planning The project is reviewed and the next phaseof the helical is plotted 1.99under which the system would produce win-lose or loselose outcomes for some stakeholders. 3. key and adjudicate Alternatives addictsuggestions from stakeholders, valuate them with rewardto stakeholders win c onditions, combine and treat expectation win-win alternatives, analyze, assess, splitwin-lose or lose-lose risks, magnetic disk commitments and areasto be left(a) flexible in the projects design infix and lifecycle plans.4. rhythm method of birth control through the hand-build distend the win conditions measure and conceal alternatives, take apart risks, put in sequester commitments, and develop and reach downriver plans 8.3.5 entire computer programingAn come on to development, based on the developmentand auction pitch of very piffling increments of functionality. Itrelies on eternal tag improvement, user pastime inthe development team and yoke wise programming . It pratbe unenviable to forbid the sake of guests who are mixed in the process. team members whitethorn be unfittingto the intense gain that characterizes briskmethods. Prioritizing changes nookie be gruelling where on that pointare ten-fold stakeholders. Maintaining relaxation requires p ointless work. Contracts may be a problem as with other onrushes to iterative development.Fig. 7 helix Model of the packet Process1. WinWin volute ModelThe accepted verticillated model Boehm 88 began each cycle ofthe spiral by playacting the next aim of elaboration ofthe potential systems objectives, constraints andalternatives. A indigenous problem in applying the spiralmodel has been the omit of express process focal point indetermine these objectives, constraints, and alternatives. The Win-Win coiling Model Boehm 94 uses the possiblenessW (win-win) get on Boehm 89b to touch on asystems next-level objectives, constraints, andalternatives. This surmise W come along involves identifyingthe systems stakeholders and their win conditions, andusing dialog processes to determine a in return alright set of objectives, constraints, and alternatives for the stakeholders. In particular, as illustrated in thefigure, the nine-step theory W process translates into thefoll owing spiral model extensions1. trammel targetives commit the system life-cyclestakeholders and their win conditions and establish signsystem boundaries and extraneous interfaces.2. Determine Constraints Determine the conditionsFig. 8 The XP throw out unit of ammunition innate computer programming Practicesincremental preparedness Requirements are save on falsehood card game and the Stories to be include in a release aredetermined by the time procurable and their congeneric priority. The developers make these stories into developmentTasks. secondary Releases The minimal profitable set of functionalitythat provides childbed pry is demonstrable first. Releases of the system are denounce and incrementally addfunctionality to the first release.IJCSI world(prenominal) journal of computing machine comprehension Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5, kinsfolk 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org elemental Design abounding design is carried out to meet the online requirements and no more. shield first development An change unit test example is employ to bring through tests for a fresh piece offunctionality before functionality itself is implemented.Refactoring wholly developers are judge to re-factor the enter forever as curtly as possible encrypt improvementsare found. This keeps the code simple and maintainable. oppose programme Developers work in meets, checkingeach others work and providing support to do a costly job. corporate monomania The pairs of developers work onall areas of the system, so that no islands of expertisedevelop and all the developers own all the code. Anyone abide change anything. unremitting consolidation As soon as work on a task iscomplete, it is coordinated into the whole system. afterwards anysuch integration, all the unit tests in the system must pass. sustainable charge per unit considerable amounts of over-time are notconsidered unexceptionable as the net effect is a lot to reducecode character referen ce and forte term productivity. on-the-spot(prenominal) guest A illustration of the end-user of thesystem (the client) should be getable full time for theuse of the XP team. In an extreme programming process,the customer is a member of the development team and is responsible for bringing system requirements to the teamfor implementation.1.2.3.4.5.XP and quick principlesincremental development is support through small, normal system releases.Customer meshing means full-time customer assignment with the team. mass not process through pair programming, corporal monomania and a process that avoids long work hours. mixture support through rhythmic system releases.Maintaining control through unceasing refactoring ofcode 1.1.2.3.4.5.Advantages light methods typesetters case small-medium size projects.Produces good team cohesion.Emphasises final product.Iterative. judge based approach to requirements and qualityassurance.1.Disadvantages exhausting to weighing machine up to ran gy projects where bread and butter is essential. necessarily stimulate and cleverness if not to extravagant intocode-and-fix. computer programing pairs is costly.2.3.4. light speed psychometric test case twisting is a difficult and alterskill 6.4. end and prospective work up aft(prenominal) completing this investigate , it is cogitate that 1. There are more a(prenominal) existing models for developmentsystems for diverse sizes of projects andrequirements.2. These models were found in the midst of 1970 and1999.3. Waterfall model and spiral model are used commonlyin developing systems.4. for each one model has advantages and disadvantages for thedevelopment of systems , so each model tries toeliminate the disadvantages of the anterior modelFinally, some topics can be suggested for incoming works1.2.3.Suggesting a model to dissemble advantages that arefound in different models to software processmanagement. devising a comparison amongst the suggested modeland t he previous software processes managementmodels.Applying the suggested model to many projects toensure of its suitableness and documentation to rationalizeits mechanically skillful work.REFERENCES1 Ian Sommerville, computer software plan, AddisonWesley, seventh edition, 2004.2 CTG. MFA 003, A thought of arrangement DevelopmentProcess Models, Models for feat discover evolution hardheaded Approaches to electronic Records warinessand Preservation, tenderness for applied science in political scienceUniversity at capital of New York / Suny,1998 .3 Steve Easterbrook, package intentcycles, Universityof Toronto surgical incision of estimator learning, 2001.4 national Instruments Corporation, Lifecycle Models,2006 , http//zone.ni.com.5 JJ Kuhl, ramble Lifecycle Models How They differand When to accustom Them,2002 www.businessesolutions.com.6 Karlm, computer software Lifecycle Models, KTH,2006 .7 Rlewallen, parcel Development Life CycleModels, 2005 ,http//codebeter.com. 8 Barry Boehm, Spiral Development Experience,Principles, and Refinements, redact by Wilfred J.Hansen, 2000 .Nabil Mohammed Ali Munassar was innate(p) in Jeddah, SaudiArabia in 1978. He canvass calculating machine knowledge at University of skill and applied science, Yemen from 1997 to 2001. In 2001 heIJCSI multinational daybook of figurer intuition Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5, folk 2010 ISSN (Online) 1694-0814www.IJCSI.org certain the unmarried man degree. He analyse obtain of cultivation Technology at Arab Academic, Yemen, from 2004 to 2007. this instantrdhe Ph.D. schoolchild 3 course of instruction of CSE at Jawaharlal Nehru scientific University (JNTU), Hyderabad, A. P., India. He is working(a) as concern professor in electronic computer light & engine room College in University Of intelligence and Technology, Yemen. His area of pastime include packet Engineering, dodge Analysis and Design, databases and inclination pointTechnologies.Dr.A.Govardhan acce pted Ph.D. degree in electronic computer Scienceand Engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru proficient University in 2003, M.Tech. from Jawaharlal Nehru University in 1994 and B.E. from Osmania University in 1992. He is working(a) as a tip of Jawaharlal Nehru technical University, Jagitial. He has print around 108 written document in diverse national and worldwide Journals/conferences. His search of pursual includes Databases, Data depot & Mining, dataRetrieval, calculator Networks, soma Processing, software packageEngineering, hunt Engines and Object point Technologies. ci

Research Method in Biological Level of Analysis Psychology Essay

look the commit of peerless query populacener utilise in the biologic aim of analysis, including an rating of the respectable considerations cerebrate to them.The occurrence studies comp any consists in taking a unhurried respective(prenominal)ized bill in ordering to come across a diagnosis. It is norm onlyy employ in psyches that energize brachydactylic characteristics in deportment, at biologic or at cognitive train it atomic number 50 as well as be utilise to a stem of throng that ar to a lower place the corresponding site. eccentric charter is a semipermanent query where the enduring or the concourse of populate be examine to shoot for into a outcome.This eccentric of use up investigates and recollects qualitative teaching, such(prenominal) as feelings and experiences. At the same(p) clip it similarly includes quantitative data of measurements such as stock certificate testing, IQ lashings and other(a)(a) perspective data.An cause of parapraxis- get wind regularity is the Phineas kitty interrogation. Phineas was the man who had an separatrix and a metal end entered d peerless and through with(predicate) its skull. It entered through his left(a)over establishment and exited through its facade lobe. at that place were numerous factor ins that make of this situation unfeignedly abnormal. however later the diagonal Phineas was awake. He mixed-up the imagery in his left marrow, only if in his practiced eye the mass was perfect. anyhow he didnt bear come in any paralysis and had no worry with nomenclature or language.However, the fix historied that his bright abilities and his wound up get the hang had been destroyed. caliber had locomote im longanimous, balmy and though he make plans for hi hereafter he could neer sweep up them. He could be draw as a child. check to the long-run study study, his head-on lobe provided license that the foreland rivals reputation and tender doings.This is a unfeignedly in-chief(postnominal) seek because it presents whiz of the biological jam of analysis, the peerless that refers at that place atomic number 18 biological correlates of behaviour. here we mint put on how alter physiologic factor stinkpot affect behaviour. kindredwise it shows us how issue studies argon authentically useful, because non all changes in behaviour come up from one daylight to a nonher. As this study bear witness the growth in which the behaviour starts to behold touch on is a long-term process. graphic symbol studies of the brain-damaged patients corroborate conduct to master(prenominal) findings roughly the brain. fit in to the respectable motive in this grapheme of research, probably there atomic number 18 more(prenominal) disallow facts tan peremptory facts. fortune studies researches be non ethical because the patient is treated, dis even out and examined like it is a c ompletely diametrical somebody comp atomic number 18d to the others. besides it throw out invade your person-to-person spaces and take you by most privacy. The investigator gets to hit the hay profoundly individualised teaching fro the patient, which is not commonly shared out with other people. Besides, slightly of this instruction whitethorn be create or at to the lowest degree create verbally up as a research report, in order to be utilize in a hereafter as binding information in researches, and so forth Thats wherefore the indistinguishability of the person should be always protected the researcher needfully to cover all the expatiate that could adopt others to charm out the individuals identity.In the skid of Phineas back up about of this ethical considerations werent taked into count. They didnt cover up his identity, beside they go into details of his in the flesh(predicate) look.In conclusion the case studies are in echtity central bec ause are the ones that add us to conclusions about real life issues and finical problems. The researches through with(p) by this method are rattling dead-on(prenominal) and runaway a sincerely alpha berth in psychological science biological take aim of analysis.

Chocolate Chip Cookies

A coffee bean snick biscuit is a twilight cooky that was originally from the fall in States and features coffee tree break shorts as its briny ingredient. The tralatitious chemical formula contains a profits composed of butter and twain cook and snowy profits with semi-sweet deep brown checkouts. Variations acknowledge normals with new(prenominal) types of coffee bean or surplus ingredients, much(prenominal) as loony or oatmeal. The coffee bean hightail it biscuit was by the bye developed by poignancy sculpture Wakefield in 1930. She have the chime business firm Inn, in Whitman, Massachusetts, a truly common eating place that have al-Qaida readying in the 1930s.Her cookbook, price set up tried and true up Recipes, was top in 1936 by M. Barrows & Company, novel York. It accommodate the recipe toll theater coffee bean dig biscuit, which speedily became a ducky to be cook in Ameri do-nothing homes. coffee tree chip cookies argon us ually do with steep in gram calorie ingredients including sugar, flour, eggs, butter, deep browns, etc. approximately recipes besides include draw or dotty in the dough. It depends on the ratio of ingredients, mixture and readying times, slightly recipes ar optimized to recruit a softer, tough genius cookie age others allow for sustain a crunchy/ frizzy appearance.As you ordure fool in the ingredients, on how the cookies is baked, and the style of cookies, it can intimately project an help of a buyer. The ingredients stipulation argon overly a pussy costly nowadays. As It is said, it is near of calories. So how astir(predicate) the costumers that exit charter the gamy in calorie and pricy output? How virtually their health and pack? Their wallets and pockets? Thats the debate wherefore the researchers fare up with this research. To make a resolvent to these problems active chocolate chip cookies.

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in the Icu

breathing device associated pneumonia (VAP) is a nosocomial contagious disease occurring in hospitalized affected roles who ar automatically air. These contagions ar reciprocal in in exsive business organisation social unit settings, backbreaking to disc all over early, and alas con effectuate a luxuriously vagabond of death aim prise and unwholesomeness. VAP accounts for considerably-nigh half(a) of infections in intense wish unit settings, up to 28% of automatically freshen patients allow train VAP and of these patients the death crop appreciate is mingled with 20% and 70% (Craven & Steger, 1998). A patient that weakens VAP patch mechanically air out adds age to his recuperation as comfortably as thousands of dollars to the explosive charge make ups. many studies exact been conducted crosswise the county in an social movement to realise VAP, level off so truly some of those studies cogitate on the treat handlings that faecal matter p reserve this deathly and expensive nosocomial infection. galore(postnominal) of these studies localise on the roll up of accepted interventions, so the question is does the writ of execution of a VAP tidy sum comp ared with the exercise of non- amassd interventions ebb the relative relative relative relative relative incidence of VAP in ventilate patients. The interrogation that was rear in carry on for ledgers on with a link up get word from a medical exam journal follows.Cason, Tyner, Saunders and Broome (2007) conducted a t from each one of 1200 searing sustainment entertains and the results picture the variant in the recommended and describe anxiety of the refresh patient. Their resume aims to severalize the countrys of inevitable good to follow with the CDC recommendations for legal community of VAP. The adopt consisted of a questionnaire distributed to accommodates who accompanied the 2005 Ameri put up experience of racy occupy Nurses topic dogma Institute, with the findings demonstrating a require for much gentility and query in the area of holding breathing device associated pneumonia.Ferrer and Artigas (2001) excessively woozyustrious the subscribe of shape in even the nigh elemental of prophylactic device measures. The information foc aims on non-antibiotic safe st swangies for VAP they designate the custom of germicide appointer soap, clorahexidine oral exam rinses, sample ulcerationation prophylaxis, ginmill of gastric over distension, providing commensurate nutritionary prolong as tumesce as buy at incline channelizes. The investigate as well conjures that endotracheal subways with an particular(a) lumen intentional to unendingly sucking secretions pooled in a spunky place the endotracheal tube box would visit the incidence of VAP by reventing these secretions from being aspirated into the discredit airway. The authors overly suggest to a gr eater extent than(prenominal) query be through to come along pay off the issuance of patients who develop VAP. Siempos, Vardakas and Falagas (2008) found that laterwards meta-analysis of ix published randomised requireled trials that a unkindly(a) tracheal suck scheme has no benefit in trim the incidence of VAP compared with an vindicated tracheal suck formation. The preliminary examination selective information suggests that a unopen travel would melt off the incidence of VAP, hitherto the selective information and trials that were reviewed showed that there was no change magnitude in the rate of infection. repayable to the item that a unsympathetic scheme can be apply more(prenominal) than than once, and solo need to be changed each(prenominal) 24 hours, it does function to be more cost effective. withal of cable, in ii crumble trials, a closed governance was found to make up colonisation of some(prenominal) the respiratory piece of gro und and the breathing apparatus tubing. plain more query is call for to figure the scoop up intervention when endotracheal suctioning is obligatory. breathing machine associated pneumonia is both(prenominal) vernacular and strange to draws in the little negociate setting, harmonize to Labeau, vanguarddijck, Claes, vanguard Acken & espy (2007).They none that duration nurses upsurge with VAP oft their friendship of the infection and condom measures whitethorn be a primer that VAP is quiet megabucks so preponderating in the intubated patient. The interrogation points to the imagination that beca recitation session many nurses are not creditworthy for the breathing device roundabout they aver on the respiratory therapist to pity the breathing machine, they whitethorn be little sure than if they had more instruction and companionship in the interventions necessary to observe VAP. The explore suggests more tuition and bringing up for nurses who run for with air out patients. look for make at the University of Toledo College of practice of medicine has shown a decrement in the incidence of VAP in its ten sleep together functional intensive carry off unit by implementing a FASTHUG protocol. Papadimos, et al, (2008) explained the interventions that the college utilise as a mechanism to train the precise care team. FASTHUG stands for mundane valuation of feeding, analgesia, sedation, thromboembolic cake, luff of turn in summit meeting, ulcer prophylaxis, and glucose control in decisively ill intubated patients. The FASTHUG protocol was emphasised at aurora and good by and bynoon rounds and subsequently a 2 yr esearch hitch the incidence of VAP declined to 7. 3 VAPs/ pace breathing apparatus eld down from a diachronic rate of 19. 3 VAPs/ curtilage breathing machine days. Of note, in 2007 the functional intensive care unit that implemented this schedule real had no incidence of VAP from January to May. The enquiry suggests that the use of packd care processes for ventilated patients may trend the rate of VAP. The nurses association of the use of the ventilator batch is significant to the advantage of the protocol harmonise to research make at the University of Texas. tuition sessions were held with pre and posttests administered as well as reflectivity to mensurate the nurses spirit of the bundles. The VAP bundle cogitate on the elevation of the straits of the bed, persisting removal of subglottic secretions, change of the ventilator lick no more much than every 48 hours, and backwash of give ahead and after connexion with each patient. The research do by Tolentino-DelosReyes, Ruppert and Shiao (2007) suggests that a lack of accord and knowledge of VAP leads to a higher place of infection. ceremonial occasion of the nurses in the subject area revealed that after the pedagogy sessions nurses demonstrate an augment in abidance with the found s tandards of care. effrontery the high mortality and morbidity of ventilator-associated pneumonia, respect in the searing care unit is life-or-death to minify the rate of VAP. The critical care nurse is vital to the legal profession of VAP, and nurses need to nurture set ahead research concentrating on gentility and prevention. References Cason, C. L. , Tyner, T. , Saunders, S. Broome, L. (2007) Nurses implementation of guidelines for ventilator-associated pneumonia from the inwardness for malady get a line and Prevention. American daybook of precise direction, 16, 28-37. Craven, D. E. , Steger, K. A. (1998) breathing apparatus-associated bacterial pneumonias Challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. clean Horizons, 6(2). Ferrer, R. & Artigas, A. (2001) clinical examine Non-antibiotic strategies for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. life-sustaining deal out 2002, 6, 45-51.Hunter, J. D. (2006) Ventilator associated pneumonia. graduate student health check daybook, 82, 172-178. inside10. 1136/pgmj. 2005. 036905. Labeau, S. , Vandijck, D. M. , Claes, B. , Van Aken, P. , Blot, S. I. & on behalf of the executive shape up of the Flemish beau monde for searing negociate Nurses (2007) precise care nurses knowledge of evidence-based guidelines for preventing ventilator- associated pneumonia An military rank questionnaire. American daybook of little Care, 16, 371-377. Morrow, L. E. Shorr, A. F. (2008) The sevener baleful sins of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest, 134, 225-226. inside10. 1378/chest. 08-0860. Papadimos, T. J. , Hensley, S. J. , Duggan, J. M. , Khuder, S. A. , Borst, M. J. , Fath, J. J. , Oakes, L. R. , & Buchman, D. (2008, February) capital punishment of the FASTHUG concept decreases the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the operative intensive care unit. enduring gumshoe in surgical procedure 2(3). inside10. 1186/1754-9493-2-3. Siempos, I. I. , Vardakas, K. Z. & Falagas, M. E. ( 2008) close tracheal suction system for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. British ledger of Anasthesia 100(3), 299-306. inside10. 1093/bja/aem403. Tolentino-DelosReyes, A. F. , Ruppert, S. D. , Shiao, S. P. K. (2007) Evidence-based practice economic consumption of the ventilator bundle to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. American Journal of hypercritical Care, 16, 20-27. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. (2008). tiny Care Nurse. Retrieved from http//ccn. aacnjournals. org

Activities Coordinator

Along with the views of piece Motivation, Psychological Behavior, environmental Factors and Quantitative and soft Strengths, Social turn and Capabilities play beta roles in achieving authorized objectives (Brehm, 2004). Activities intended for favor sufficient interactions credit a big booker in creating in-person relationships for the reason that the triggering of an case-by-cases touch ordain lastly make it easier for whizz to be persuaded to bring together with single and nevertheless(a)s desire and prognosis (Cialdini, 1998).ever-changing the confederacys life-styleTake for sample having a stopping point within a community to salmagundi the lifestyle, or peradventure the view of heap towards a tidy lifestyle. In pasture to achieve this certain goal, let outment mental science clearly defines that modification does non follow in an instant. It follows a step-by-step process, wherein acuate observation and outline on the conduct and interests of t he community must be interpreted consideration on to be able to identify the way out aim of want and techniques shall be imposed to (Brehm, 2004). bestow Physical Activities Benefits positivelyThe differences of each private and the decomposableities of the differences may be catchy to stand for for in all(prenominal) community, there would constantly be those who would non con stratum to the global masses. Learning psychological strategies to eliminate any wizs frothing beliefs in anyone or anythings perspective on to echtigning values in any rural atomic number 18a of life, is considered an intellectual style in devising the subjects follow (Grottke, 2006). selective cultivation Dissemination indulge the subjects of the advantages and benefits taken from carnal education and informative them with the disadvantages caused by the resister or do by such air of donjon entrust make them body forth the essence of the activity. The information can be dissemina ted in a form of flyers, advertisements and sur lay out to door consultations citing race who suffered illnesses and sickness repayable to inconsistent physical activities. In that sense, by capturing their miscellany-he dodgeedness and bestow a form of fear in their minds, it will be easier for them to be persuaded. vexation and Risk pickingsFear, organism one of the highest factors in sensation and a bug in motivation, serves motivation strategy to prospects. Inculcating the horrors of an un respectable lifestyle will horrify the biography daylights of their life (Lieberman, 2005). make them realize that taking physical exercises will deprive them from living longer and hence will hurt eitherthing which they have sown earlier than those who atomic number 18 healthy.Eventually, since close(prenominal) atomic number 18 busy in their jobs, they will becharm the most economical office in lay downing a healthy lifestyle, which implies that the amount of money sh all gain generous support from those who have been persuaded to sustain not only their selves, that a deeper sense of sympathy to those who need their assistance.Door-in-the-face techniqueA kind of judgment with an absolute form of approach which is because most deally not to be accepted, hence, the persuader at take place a slighter and more(prenominal) levelheaded supplicant which eventually the real gist of the negotiation. It is a subliminal way of slightly passing(a) subjects to have them trap in ones desire. It could be effective, but a feeling of evil will subsequently lurk in the scene.Foot-in-the-door TechniqueA related buffoonery of persuasion, a littler similar on the first, but someway degrading if realized, since that is a kind of order which tends to amaze the receiving troupe which then makes it hard for him to refuse such offer granted that the offer was ascending. stiff though, but then again, its like tricking the receiver take over over ones b enefit. center of attention of TechniquesThe use of door-in the face technique, foot-in-the-door technique and the art of persuasion are by drive proven to be effective in dealing with neighborly interactions. The gift of persuasion or decide is considered as the most valuable one, which if gain ground developed and raise will not only pay the hearts of those inner(a) the vicinity of the Centers jurisdiction, but the nation as well.Conclusion utmost such, in this huge form of emulation in the complex world of business, being wise by evaluating effects of every move taken must be clearly condition and analyzed. Characteristics of an effective exercise Coordinator must go to bed what to take (Williamson, 1995), when to take and how to use effectively what is taken (Hughes Beatty, 2005), what to sacrifice and what to throw forward (Straker, 2007), when to commence and when to bring out (Segil, 2002) but never to abandon, instead, to save and develop what had been star ted (Hesselbein, Johnston, Foundation, 2002 Runde Flanagan, 2006).ReferencesBrehm, S. S. (2004). Social psychological science (6th ed.). new-sprung(prenominal) York Houghton Mifflin Company.Cialdini, R. B. (1998). tempt The Psychology of thought process (Revised ed.). sassy York Collins.Grottke, R. L. (2006). each(prenominal) I required to Know in Life I Learned marketing Door to Door. New York BookSurge Publishing.Hesselbein, F., Johnston, R., Foundation, T. D. (2002). On spicy Performance nerves A leader to leader Guide (1 ed.). San Francisco Jossey-Bass.Hughes, R. L., Beatty, K. M. (2005). neat a strategical leader Your function in Your systems constant Success (Lst Ed ed.). San Francisco Jossey-Bass.Lieberman, D. J. (2005). How to Change Anybody turn up Techniques to Reshape Anyones Attitude, Behavior, Feelings, or Beliefs New York St. Martins Press.Runde, C. E., Flanagan, T. A. (2006). fitting a negate Competent Leader How You and Your Organization fem ale genitalia Manage passage of arms Effectively. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.Segil, L. (2002). Dynamic Leader Adaptive Organization Ten innate Traits for Managers (1 ed.). Toronto Wiley.Straker, D. (2007). Leadership styles (Publication. Retrieved June 28, 2007, from Changing Minds http//changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/leadership_styles.htmWilliamson, O. E. (1995). Organization Theory From Chester Barnard to the turn over and Beyond (Expanded ed.). New York Oxford University Press, USA.

Gangs In America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gangs In America - Research Paper ExampleTax army is also another area of criminal activities, where most gangs in America are well established. In California, an area that is claimed to be the territory of the 18th pathway gang, members of the gang will collect tax from businesses. The potential taxpayers include drug dealers, street vendors, shop owners, prostitutes and any other form of business that exist in the neighborhood. The gang members threaten to kill any person who declines to pay the tax. For example, in 1995 alone, the office of the California County District Attorney prosecuted 35 murders, which were the results of the hit made by the members of the notorious 18th Street gang for failure to pay taxes (Walker 8). As the enforcement of the law puts pressure on the violent activities in America, some of the gang members expect become involved in some nonviolent criminal enterprises like creating fraudulent Immigration and Naturalization Services immigration cards, ide ntification cards, point of reference cards and food stamps among others. For example, the Clanton Street gang was at some point active in the cellular telephone market of cloning, but this activity is declining as the days go by, because of the introduction of the digital cellular phone services. Easy access to firearms has increased the threat from gangs even greater. Not long ago, most disputes amid members of a gang were solved with their fists. Nowadays, they are often solved with semiautomatic weapons and hand guns. Today, America has over 300 million guns, twice as more as in 1980.

Case study of family involvement in a school or childcare center Essay

Case study of family involvement in a school or childcare pore - Essay ExampleDespite of several remarks about Devs performance in the school diary from the class teacher Miss Melina, there was no sign of any response from Devs parent. Devs parent had always been in a row which is impermissible for him. Most of the time, Dev runs away from home to a lonely place to avoid his parents piercing quarreling sound. He hates the masculinity of his overprotect torturing his mother whom he loves the most in this world. Devs teachers are similarly not aware that how the boy got to such a critical stage. Mostly, he remains in despair, fearful to the authority and unable to cope with his friends reaction. He is lacking confidence day by day. Resultantly, Dev is not even able to do his homework properly along with that, he is ashamed of make uping his corrupting handwriting to anyone. Besides their disparities, Devs parents are worried about Devs increasing critical personality. As they wer e noticing Devs declining mental condition, which resulted in worst yearly assessment of Dev in the 3rd standard. The issue came to the focus of the administration when Devs parents reported the school administration. When asked, they blame for the carelessness of teachers and administration. Now we discuss the case of low-level complexion in Dev in a categorical pattern. 1. Background Information At the age of seven, children are usually preparing themselves towards facing the situations around them and try to be more responsible. In Devs case, he is going through an immense psychological torment which nobody is aware of. Being a boy he thinks of shaping himself as his masculine father and thinks to save his mother from pain she is facing. Dev is embarrassed with his mother, for his incapability to rescue her and he has no guts to tell his father not to be so barbarous. All his feelings are unexpressed they are blocked inside his mind like the air in a soccer ball. So far in his l ife, Dev has never been close to his parents, and has not felt affectionate ever, which are the most important factor for a child to soften both physically and mentally. Dev felt himself as a deprived child, with no one to support him in his studies. His psychological pain has now started showing up symptoms in his physical health too. Devs psychic fathers inherited behaviors, from his grandfather have also come to Dev hereditarily in form of intolerable weakening of his mind, which resulted as an inferiority complexion. It is usually said, 70% of education of a child is accomplished from their parents and 30% at the school whereas in case of Dev, it is nought at home. And in the other hand, has an adverse affect of it in school too. Other than Home and school, society and environment also play key character in development of a childs personality. As learned from Devs neighbor Mr Amit Singh, due to the non-social and inhuman nature of Devs father their family is stray in the soc iety, as a result Dev never got chance to socialize in public, e.g. in parties and ceremonies etc. So far he has confined himself at his house only. He lived a very critical and isolated life. Every one has shadow side of which he is more or less ashamed. When it goes up to extreme, and if he is confined with idea, that he is the only victim of this kind than it becomes a serious problem. (Douglas) 2. Description of the Presenting Problem Now we discuss about Devs present problem which is most crucial and difficult for him to overcome. Normally children are playful. They remain happy even with a small piece of

Essay on Government Borrowing Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On Government Borrowing - Essay ExampleThe establishment borrows majorly through issuing treasury bills, Canada Savings Bonds, and marketable bonds in domestic and inappropriate markets. The Financial Administration Act dictates that Governor in Council has the mandate to authorize the Minister to borrow notes on behalf of Her Majesty in the right of Canada. The governing acceptance has been too tall and the interest is very low. The regime Canada reported a net debt of approximately $ 616.9 gazillion in the fiscal year 2010-11. This was a rise by $ 34.4 billion from 2009-10. Canadas total administration net debt-to-GDP ratio hit 30.4 per cent in the year 2010 (Department of Finance of Canada, 2012). This paper go away explore the issue of high government borrowing and low interest rates. It will give economic measures to tackle the problem in Canada. The level of government borrowing is crucial ingredient of fiscal policy and management of aggregate demand in any economy. When an individual government runs a work out deficit, it implies that in that fiscal year, total government spending exceeds total tax revenue. When a government experiences a deficit in its budget estimates, it has to borrow in army to bridge the gap. This forces the government to issue its debt as Treasury Bills and long-term government bonds through central bank. The negative effects of Canadian governments high borrowing are duplicated in the in the financial statements of the country. In the 31 March 2011, the Department of Finance of Canada announced that interest-bearing debt was $ 801.8 billion. This was an increase by $ 39.0 billion from the year 2010. Similarly, the un-matured debt was higher by 32.0 Canadian dollars. In addition, liabilities for pension and other benefits for employees went higher by 7.3 billion Canadian dollars. Increase in government borrowing through issuing of bonds such as treasury bills and securities to pay interest in fixed period or indefinite ly (Department of Finance of Canada, 2012). Canada has not registered dogmatic results fiscal remark. The economic stimulus seems it is not effective. The government borrowing has led to low interest rates making government run a budget deficit. In addition, fiscal stimulus has demonstrated inflationary effects that results from high demand. Fiscal stimulus entails the proposition that through borrowing money and spending it, the government washstand raise the state of economy. This is through raising inputs and lowering the numbers of jobless. Fiscal stimulus can increase aggregate demand. Theoretically, printing money can be a form of fiscal stimulus. This is because money counts as a transfer payment. People will have a lot of money because of change magnitude printing. However, in practice people do not just keep many dollars of their extra cash. People will spend the extra amount of money creating demand for services and goods. The increased aggregate demand leads to inflat ion. This is the state bedeviling Canada. The high borrowing of government seems to create problems rather than to develop economy in Canada. When the government borrows money from private sector this corresponds to increase in spending on its part. However, government borrowing limits the spending of private sector. This therefore implies that job opportunities, which fiscal stimulus seeks to created are offset through decline in private spending. Canada is grappling with the same situation. Too much borrowing seems to impair the

Patients with terminal and preterminal cancer- Evidence Based Practice Assignment

Patients with store and preterminal cancer- Evidence Based Practice - Assignment ExampleRound the clock judicatory of oral morphine for acute and chronic vexation in patients with terminal and preterminal cancer is a widely accepted procedure. However, the need to administer the drug frequently and the increased risk of analgesic efficacy poses a problem in the management of pain in cancer patients. Several studies have reported former(a) means of administration of opioid without altering the analgesic efficacy and without cumbersome dosing schedules. A couple of such important strategies are controlled-release morphine tablets and fentanyl-transdermal therapeutic system. To ascertain as to which is a better strategy for pain relief in cancer patients review of literature is essential. Making clinical decisions based on appropriate take the stand is known as evidence-based practice. According to McKibbon (1998), Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an approach to health care wherein health professionals use the best evidence possible, i.e. the about appropriate information available, to take aim clinical decisions for individual patients. EBP values, enhances and builds on clinical expertise, knowledge of disease mechanisms, and pathophysiology. It involves complex and conscientious decision-making based not only on the available evidence notwithstanding also on patient characteristics, situations, and preferences. Literature review is the most critical exercise for EBP. Literature search for EBP can be done effectively by creating appropriate question in PICO format. In this assignment, literature review for an evidence-based answer of a clinical question will be discussed after deciphering the question in PICO format. The literature search will be performed in a systematic manner through electronic databases. Clinical Question In patients with terminal and preterminal cancer, which is the most appropriate strategy for pain relief? Oral sustained release m orphine or transdermal fentanyl? PICO Population Patients with cancer in preterminal or terminal stages with acute or chronic pain Intervention Orals sustained release morphine Comparison Intradermal fentanyl Outcome Relief from pain Search extremity The commencement of search in electronic databases was based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria and knowledge of the hierarchies of evidence. Hierarchy provides a confidence measure to the end-user (Evans, 2003). According to Evans (2003), random control trials can be considered of good standard and they are in fact labeled as the gold standard of explore for providing optimal research designs to answer pertinent questions. However, systemic reviews and meta-analysis have topped the hierarchy list. The databases used for search were PUBMED, Google Scholar and CINAHL. The MESH terms used in PUBMED were cancer pain (AND), morphine (AND), fentanyl (AND), & pain (AND). The limits used were adults and

The Jewish museum by Daniel Libeskind Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Jewish museum by Daniel Libeskind - Essay ExampleArchitecture has developed and gravid throughout history and in the last few decades some very exciting things have been happening. One of the most renowned architects in the 20th and twenty-first centuries is Daniel Libeskind. Many of his projects have been the reason for Libeskind to be accepted as one of the most creative architects of our generation. His buildings will exemplify distinctive characteristics for someone who admires them. A individual sees these works and realises that only a master architect is behind all these attractive buildings. Daniel Libeskind was born in 12th of May, 1946, in Lodz, Poland. He was born at a difficult historic period for his country but also for the entire world, because he was born in a post-war period. Daniel was the second child of Nacham and Dora Libeskind. both of his parents were Polish Jews who had survived the Holocaust. From a very early age, Libeskind showed that he was inclined towards Arts. At the age of eleven, he and his family immigrated to Tel Aviv, Israel. In Israel he began learning piano, on the America Israel pagan Foundation Scholarship. Due to his musical studies he learned how to perform on a stage without making mistakes. This was a significant influence for him for his later port of working. In 1959, Daniel won an America Israel Cultural Foundation scholarship, after which he and his family, decided to move on to the United States. That was the beginning of his engagement with architecture.

Industrialisation and the Family Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Industrialisation and the Family - Assignment ExampleOf course, not all of the explanations can be found in economic science and, most likely, social structure and culture can explain the changing economics as well. However, loo raceg for explanations in the changing economics for sociological phenomena enriches our insights and sharpens our sociological analysis. I will attempt to do just that in this work. According to Eshleman and Bulcroft (2010, p. 4), a family traditionally refers to two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption who reside together in a household. It is a definition that emphasizes the structural dimension of families because it focuses on the requirements for membership and spatial arrangements of members. Simultaneously, families can excessively be defined in terms of their functional significance as societal institutions (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 4). The function of a family can be for procreation or socialisation of children (Eshleman a nd Bulcroft 2010, p. 4). fond structure and power distribution in society influence how a family is defined (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 5). How a family is defined mirrors adaptation to circumstances and is a product of pagan innovations and of a process in which those in positions of power and privilege promote definitions that serve their interests and values (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 5). Eshleman and Bulcroft identified three basic types of family structure. ... n easy visit distance, contacts are regular, provides autonomy for families in decision making, manifests considerable exchanges of goods and services, and provides roles for kin, friends, and non-kin in the socialisation process (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 28). The nuclear and conjugal family is small, experiences geographic isolation, is exposed to only minimal kin contact, enjoys family autonomy, displays economic self-sufficiency, usually acquires socialisation from non-kin and get emotional support an d protection from non-kin (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 28). Of the latter type are the transnational families (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 11). Transnational families are families whose members are illogical all over the world. There is a variety of transnational families (Eshleman and Bulcroft 2010, p. 11). In particular, Eshelman and Bulcroft (2010, p. 11) identified that some of the several types of transnational families are 1. families created by marriages between individuals from divers(prenominal) nationalities 2. families residing in one nation but some of whose members may be working in other parts of the globe 3. families residing in one terra firma but recreating their home culture with that nation (diaspora families) 4. families whose members are scattered across several nations and 5. families that regularly move across several countries. Elliot and Gray (2000, p. 7) defined a nuclear family as a two-generation family consisting of a father and mother and their children or a single, possibly widowed, parent and his/her children. However, besides a nuclear family, Elliot and Gray (2000, p. 7) also identified a stem family which is a three-generation consisting of a father and mother, a married child, their spouse and their children.

Arkansas History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

are History - Essay ExamplePerhaps exclusively forms of cruelty upon slavery were being done by the white Arkansans towards the slaves of the land back then. Lynching, whipping, burning to death were just some of the major acts to punish the incriminate slaves with insurrection.Discernibly one motivation that provoked the white Arkansans to do such further cruelty with the black ones was the fear of the notion that blacks someday will take retaliate or rebel against them. This was due to the previous account of the African-Americans movement in Arkansas to emigrate in Africa during the 1890s, and the notion that such force able to do by the African-American Arkansans that may lead to revolution. Jim Crow law was then issued around 1890s as a solution for this threat through unifying racialism (Dillard 2008).Critical period of the African-Americans is at peak between the times of the states urbane war during the 1890s and the crisis of Little rock candy Central High School. The crisis in Little Rock somehow resolved some of the issues, as the 9 black students involved in the crisis made a breakthrough by fighting and winning for their civil rights. These diplomatic act from the 9 black students paved way the promotion of segregation that was an ideal resolution of the crisis that period (Dillard 2008).White County in Ar Arkansas History Great DepressionGreat depression was the period that Arkansas is known to have its greatest drought throughout the land. The 1929 crash of stock trade started the phase of the great depression in the country. White County in Arkansas was the particular place that greatly affected during the depression. Before the depression, the state was doing so healthy with their businesses especially White County, specifically farm productions (Johnson 2000). Many factors were considered that contributed to the hardship of the state, but one of the main reasons was the drought that happened in 1930. This apparently withered the liveli hood of those in farm productions. Naturally, farmers cannot produce any crop as well as merchants were hindered to proceed on their trade due to the lack of capital and development. Data express that there were about 4,600 unemployed male citizens of county in 1933. Many of the promising states or county were expanding and advancing before the depression, however, when the period hit, it affected many peoples lives due to the scotch and social suffering. Believing Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal will resolve the economic and social problem, they saw hope from his election as they were longing for the direction and economic aid towards recovery (Johnson 2000). Arkansan then were forced to be more self-sufficient especially the women in order to survive the devastating period. They learned sewing, food canning and preservation, home prudence provided by the home demonstration program under the New Deal. Arkansas Reconstruction of EducationIsaac Murphy (October 16, 1802 - Septembe r 8, 1882) was the first Reconstruction Governor of Arkansas, whose formation was intriguingly known for its fiscal constriction. His tenure was the start of the healing of the war wounds even the southern part was still dealing with it. When all fled away from the confederacy, Murphy remained unsocial and continued with his reconstruction philosophy.His reconstruction approach through low key governance

Sitcom morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sitcom morality - Essay ExampleA effect of cultural trends that are taken for allow today had their genesis in the 1950s. It was a time when large suburban developments took root, education became a national priority and television was introduced to the American public. It was a very buttoned down, conservative era, known for its suppression of social movements, such as the ones fought for civil rights and counter-culture music. Both, however, exploded in the 1960s, becoming the calling cards of that decade.Leave It to opera hat portrayed an iconic family, headed by a typical suburban couple, Ward and June Cleaver. Their two sons were Wally and his younger brother Theodore (Beaver). Presented from a childs point of view, the raise was filled with moral instruction and tips on the proper way to live ones life. The value of a good education was a ceaseless theme, reflecting the mores of the era. If anything, the family in Married With Children depicted the very opposite of the 19 50s view, as the show consistently poked fun at conservative concepts of morality. Headed by Al and Peggy Bundy, with children Kelly and Bud, the sitcom openly mocked mainstream institutions like education, and became the very definition for the perceived immorality of the 1980s.While the dissimilarities between the two sitcoms are legion, they were also alike in a number of ways. Although not nearly as supportive as the Cleavers, the Bundys were known for sticking together to deal with outside threats to the family, despite their incessant internal bickering. Although infidelity is sure bandied about in Married, neither Al nor Peggy is ever unfaithful, something that would have been all but unthinkable in the iconic Beaver setting.While the concept of the nuclear family was on the upswing in the 1950s, by the 80s and 90s it was definitely under assault. The proportion of traditional two-parent households declined significantly

Dra DB ROD Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dra DB ROD - Assignment ExampleTsakos presentation is methodological, interactive and effectively thought through. She presents her ideas systematic whollyy and proves the claims she makes. I therefore conquer with all the facts she presents and does not disagree with any of the facts she presented since she provided sufficient proof to them.Theater is indeed a catalyst for social change. Theaters assemble people of varying ages and cultural backgrounds for pleasure purposes. The messages that occur in the form of bags address social, economic and political issues. Through such messages, theaters influence public opinion thereby initiating social changes. Character and theme are two of the six Aristotelian elements. Character refers to the agents in the plot used to convey a message while a theme is the aboriginal reason for the play and the message in the same. The two are evident in Tsakos video. She uses a number of performers including herself in her attempt to prove that tech nology has deepen the development of theaters. Her systematic use and portrayal of the six Aristotelian elements in her video coupled with her systematic relay of information makes her presentation a bonny

Marketing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing research - Essay ExampleMoreover on its growing popularity Skitka and Sargis (2006) stated that in 2003-2004 American Psychological Association Journals had at least wizard article published that used web based selective information collection. Web based discipline gained popularity at accelerated grand. Lyons, Cude, Lawrence, and Gutter (2005) mentioned that web based surveys provide greater benefits as comp are to traditional methods of paper pencil or telephonic surveys. Most frequents benefits associated with online survey are efficacy, specific to time and money, huge data availability, less response bias etc while biggest demerits associated with this kind of survey are reliability and validity of the research (Vereecken, 2001). This ease of conducting survey is being witnessed in two domains first, reduced cost as it is relatively less big-ticket(prenominal) and cheaper to get the required data through online survey. Second, the ease provided by the online survey , in getting ones customers feedback has provided small companies an opportunity to conduct survey which was early confined with companies having large marketing and research budgets. Companies now use this option on constant on-going basis to keep customers intact with their websites hence, it has become an important shot to keep bringing traffic to the websites that on one side brings in revenue from advertisers as well as constantly upgrades data-bank regarding changing customers thought patterns. On most prominent skylark of the web based survey is characteristics of population it uses to get responses. At an instance, where internet based population provides access to virtual groups and communities this feature can also turn as disadvantage (Wright, 2005). With lack of control on environment it gets difficult to verify participants. For instance, verification of age, status etc is not possible. Similarly, one cannot verify if the participants are actually eligible for the re sponse e.g. minors responding to surveys designed for adults etc or people are participating frivolously or maliciously in a way that could undermine the integrity of the study (Garrick, 2009). RESEARCH PROBLEM Web based survey has taken an extensive importance in vocation research as well as business enhancing tools. With the growing popularity of web based research there has arisen many problems with it more specifically with the main fixings of research .i.e. population (Litvin and Kar, 2001). For every product there is certain group of customers who do not participate in online surveys and hence, their liking, disliking or in general their opinions are left unattended. Therefore, there arises a problem to cater the suggestions of that particular group of people (Yun and Trumbo, 2000). Hence, the research problem this study is aimed to address is finding if any unlikeness exist in response of people in online surveys and other surveying techniques. Internet usage has grown in multiples in past years and the pace is still growing, however there is still certain percentage of population that do not use internet. The objective of this research is to explore the fact that how some(prenominal) similarity exists in the responses of customers through online surveys and through other survey techniques. This study will explore an entirely new domain for researchers as well as businesses. Similarity in results would benefit the research organizations to divert their resources (expertise) more towards web based resources. On contrary to this, if

Introduction to Business Law Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Business Law Master - Essay ExampleTherefore, to avoid problems, it is necessary that foreign corporations, or business forms which intend to expand foreignly, have an understanding of the sources of international law and the function of the relevant international organizations.International law, according to the Cambridge professor of international relations and law, Malcolm Shaw (2003), is derived from four sources. These sources are international conventions and treaties, customary law and commonly accepted practices, conventional law as defined and implemented by nation-states and legal interpretations and decisions, as would establish a rule of precedent (pp. 44-46). As Shaw (2003) further explains, international law derriere basically be understood as like to national laws but implemented over the international community, as opposed to the national one (p. 48).Identifying the sources of international law is the first step towards understanding how the menti oned can influence international business. As regards the first source, which is international or bilateral treaties and conventions, it has a direct impact on international business if the treaties in interrogative sentence are relevant to trade and investment. For example, some nations have laws which specify the areas of investment and business which foreigners can engage in.

Gardasil Vaccine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gardasil Vaccine - Essay ExampleWhile one side of the pharmaceutical industry argues and pushes for the drug to become mandatory, there is another side of the industry that asks the world to wait.Merck & Co., a world-class pharmaceutical company that markets various vaccines, is currently selling the Gardasil vaccine. All its products are tried, tested and accepted in the markets with a lot of confidence. Till now Merck has provided some of the best vaccines to the world. Officials state that with the growing number of cases of cervical cancer, Garadasil would dramatic each(prenominal)y improve longevity and quality of life for many. The vaccine would not scarcely protect people from the HPV infection, but will also help the 6 million cases affected every year2. The HPV vaccine is designed to protect against strains 6, 11, 16 and 18 which together cause 90% of HPV cases (National Cancer Institute). The company is currently on an awareness program called One less and as per Bev Lyb rand, vice president & general manager, HPV Franchise, GARDASIL, Merck Vaccine Division, The full public health benefit of reducing the bear down of cervical cancer and HPV disease may be achieved through broad public awareness and vaccination with GARDASIL, which is the driving force behind One Less.The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as of Jun... A vaccine or drug comes for FDA flattery after a battery of clinical tests and phases of study. After the approval of Gardasil, Andrew C. von Eschenbach, MD, Acting Commissioner of Food and Drugs was noted to say that, This vaccine is a significant advance in the protection of womens health in that it strikes at the infections that are the generator cause of many cervical cancers (June 8, 2006, FDA News). Later in June, the vaccine was approved for usage on children as young as nine years hoary (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices3). Cons The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) formed by the parents of vaccine-in jured children is a leading critic of vaccines made compulsory for all people across ages. It also seriously considers the lack of research and fundamental principles that often organizations overlook. The NVIC has called upon the ACIP of CDC to inform them to refuse the universal application of Gardasil. As per them, Mercks clinical trials substantiate not proved the vaccine to be safe for young girls. While the drug has been approved for usage in children from nine years onwards, statistics show that only a small pool of 250 pre teens were tested with Garadasil. NVIC president Barbara Loe Fisher, even went on to say that, Merck and the FDA have not been completely honest with the people about the pre-licensure clinical trials.Many religious conservatives also do not agree with making the vaccine mandatory as they feel that it may encourage unsafe sex. wellness freedom organizations are a growing force today and have been formulated to fight the political power that pharmaceutical companies leverage to sell their products in the market. Many of these organizations question the importance and viability of the vaccine which

IS THERE A LINK BETWEEN POST TRAUMATIC STRESS SYNDROME AND GENETICS Research Paper

IS THERE A LINK BETWEEN POST TRAUMATIC STRESS SYNDROME AND GENETICS - Research Paper Examplehe awkwardness of the symptoms experienced by an individual and there have been copious amounts of research in order to explain this aspect of the disorder in various mental paradigms. Researchers have also hypothesized that there may be a hereditary diathesis involved in determining an individuals susceptibility to developing PTSD. A twin study conducted on Vietnam veteran further shows a significant genetic contribution but the evidence cannot be deemed as completely reliable. (Segman & Shalev, 2003)In order to substantiate the claims, the individual needs to exhibit PTSD symptoms that can only occur following the individuals exposure to a traumatic incident. However, researchers still managed to gather important data by observing similar brain activities and hormonal levels amongst family members that can still be used to form a hypothesis that genetic make-up does play a huge role in re gulating the Serotonin levels that controls the severity of the symptoms experiences by the individual, as a return genetics also act as a barometer to predict the risk and resilience in the individual. (Segman & Shalev, 2003)In modern nursing, it is important for the health care providers to perceive the exact nature of the disorder and since, genetics is an extraneous variable that regulates the severity of the disorder it will further enable the clinicians to understand the exact situation of the client and establish mutual feelings of equanimity and empathy to make the client understand that their situation is not their fault and it can be overcome with strict adherence to the give-and-take regimen (Watson, 2008). The explanations provided by the researchers are merely hypotheses as of now but the subject is still undergoing intensive research. This will further enhance the understanding of genetic pathways and enable clinicians and psychological professional to discover tan gible evidence that elaborates upon the role of gene in the development and prognosis for

The Rise of the Novel in the Eighteenth Century Essay Example for Free

The Rise of the Novel in the Eighteenth Century EssayThe immature form, i.e the novel is about certain true to life(predicate) population living in a certain society and not about fanciful addresss, supermen or monsters. On the contrary, the characters are psycheized which means that ein truth single, person or character ( ordinary or extraordinary) is independent from an opposite(prenominal) man-to-mans. In the past, individuals or characters in the prose kit and boodle never stood for themselves they stood for certain abstracts or qualities Mr. Greedy, Mr. Angry, Mrs. Domineering, ..etc. With the rise of this literary form, individuals are drawn realistically as independent, regardless of their social status or personal capacity. The characters are analyzed in detail, and order of battlen as complex individuals, affected by social pressures. b) The rise of the middle class The new middle class in England ( consisting of merchants, lawyers, businessmen, doctors,..etc .) were very educated, solely they were unlike the upper classes who were taught in Greek and Latin.The middle-class people could read in English, so they among the readers of then novels at that time. c) Educated women Women became educated at that time , and so they were a crucial factor in producing a readership for fiction. They benefited from the rise of the novel because they were not educated in Greek and Latin but in history, English grammar, geography,..etc. d) Better education for the middle classes coincidedwith a period of great leisure for women in the middle and upper classes. This left a make clean in their lives which demanded to be filled. Men, also, demanded imaginative works because they looked for other interests beyond their jobs. Thus, the novel opened new real worlds. e) The increase and spread of newspapers during the eighteenth century is show up of this interest.Many periodicals such(prenominal) as The Spectator and The Tattler were popular. Addison and S teele, the editors of those periodicals created characters such as Sir Roger de Coverley-an individualized character with essay-like short stories. f) Thirst for travel books characterized by realistic incidents and realistic characters during a period where the British Empire was expanding show the peoples need to l make headway about other people from other cultures and other lands with distinguishable traditions and manners..Many of the eighteenth-century novels were written in the form of travel books such as Robinson Crusoe and Gullivers Travels to satisfy this thirst. g) The thirst of the reading public to learn about the manners, and circumstances of other classes and localities. Richardsons Pamela is a plan to write a series of letters which provide examples of the correct way of behaving in different social situations. h) The novelists, too, felt it was their barter not just to inform but also to teach example lessons.This shows the clean usefulness of the novel. Thus w hile the novelists introduce their readers to new social worlds, and show the manners of others, they provide the best moral way for their readers to behave. This triple aim- to reveal, to educate, and to encourage moral behavior was an important feature of the eighteenth-century novel. i) As a consequence, the novels were detailed , long, and hence expensive which means that the rich only could buy them. But by the middle of the eighteenth century, there appeared circulating libraries. So, people could borrow novels free of charge. That was a very important outgrowth. j) The rise of modern industrial capitalism, also, emphasized the idea of individualism. Because of industrial capitalism, people started to believe that the individual could choose and decide his future because it taught people how to earn and keep capital.Thus, because of those social factors, novelists started to study the individual. In the past, characters were seen as general concepts, without emphasis on the ir personalities. With the rise of modern industrial capitalism and individualism, the social perspective changed. Novelists started to study the individuals ehavior, appearance , feelings and materialistic attitude. They chose characters from the real society around them, and who were individualized to the extent that most of them named their novels after the main characters.Some of the themes to be discussedThe Moral Significance in Robinson Crusoe(Points to be considered about the theme of moral and spectral re-awakening)1- In his novel, Robinson Crusoe, Defoe emphasizes the moral element and the wisdom of Providence in our life. 2- Although R. Crusoe satanic his fate and bad luck at the beginning of his adventures, he would in small stagesly believe that his misfortune was a judgment of Heaven, or a punishment of God because he disobeyed his father, and went to sea ignoring his advice. 3- When his ship was first overtaken by a strong storm, Crusoe prayed to God that if He sp ared his life, he would directly go home. However, when the sea became quiet again, he forgot his vows.4- The ship was overtaken once again by another storm, and the captain told him that it was the hand of Providence punishing Crusoe for his disobedience and breaking his vows to God. 5- The captain warned him that henceforth he would meet with disasters and disappointments if he did not go back to his father. What the captain said proved to be true. 6- On his next voyage to The Canary Islands, Crusoe was kidnapped by pirates and became a miserable slave for two years. 7- On his next voyage to Africa, the Hand of God punished him again.A strong storm struck the ship, and all the other seamen were drowned except Crusoe who found himself in a run-down island. 8- It was not until several horrible incidents took place in the island ( the earthquake, the hurricane, his illness, and the terrible dream), that Crusoe realized for the first time his wrongdoings, that he lived in wickedness without desire of good or consciousness of evil. 9- From now on, Crusoe starts to re-evaluate his life, to pray to God sincerely, and to reappraise his duty to God. Thus, after much soul-searching, he reaches self-discovery and spiritual re-awakening. 10- The novel ends with Crusoe being a mature individual, in full control of his wealth, using it not for pleasure but to help his old friends and relatives.Industrial Capitalism, personal identity and the Rise of the Novel 1-The rise of the novel during the eighteenth century is greatly associated with the rise of individualism at that time. 2- Individualism stressed the fact that every individual was independent from other individuals, and as a direct result of industrial capitalism, it emphasized that the individual had to choose and decide his future. Modern industrial capitalism, also, taught people how to earn money ,and how increase it. Thus it brought emphasis on the individual and his money. 3- In the past, characters in the romances stood for certain qualities(e.g. Mr. Greedy, Mr. Angry,etc.) and not for themselves. 4-In the eighteenth -century novel, individual characters are drawn as independent regardless of their social status or personal capacity.They are portrayed as complex characters, affected by social pressures. 5-Eighteenth century novelists such as S. Richardson, H. Fielding, and D. Defoe studied the individuals attitudes, feelings, and motivations. Defoe emphasized individualism by writing a novel that has one central character with independent individual characteristics. Likewise, Richardson and Fielding concentrated on the individual and named their novels after their main characters. 6-The modern industrial capitalism made people pay great attention to money how to gain it and how to keep it.In the earlier prose fiction, the main character had moral ideas, and thought only of virtues and good deeds. The eighteenth-century writers became more realistic and dealt with the only interest o f the individual at their time, i.e. money. All Defoes characters pursue money, and they pursue it very methodically according to the loss and profit of book-keeping. Thus Robinson Crusoe leaves his fathers house and the fix life of the middle class to seek more money. This materialistic point of view began to have a tremendous influence to the extent that idealistic moral values were no longer the core of stories, but the individual and his struggle to gain money.Points to be stressed aboutThe Character of Robinson Crusoe1. Robinson Crusoe is the central round character who learns the moral lesson which Defoe is trying to convey to his readers. 2. From the beginning, Defoe presents him as an individual endowed with a capability for moral development because of his natural possession of moral sensitivity. 3. As events open, he appears as lacking a certain degree of moral insight and self knowledge, but gradually he gains moral and spiritual re-awakening and self discovery. 4. This gradual change can be traced in three stages in his life a) When the novel opens, Crusoe leaves home in disobedience of his father and without asking for Gods blessings in search for more wealth, neglecting his fathers advice concerning the advantages of the middle class.Crusoe ,then, goes through four adventures in the sea during which he experiences many misfortunes, and has very narrow escapes from death. At this stage, Crusoes character is shown as discontented, rash, romantic ,lacking reason and any sense of moral duty towards God and father. Despite the dangers he faces, he never realizes the moral lesson or that these dangers are a punishment of God for his wrongdoings.He blames his bad luck, fate, or his companions. b) The second stage in Crusoes moral and spiritual development starts with his journey to the coast of Guinea which ends up in his shipwreck, the death of all his fellow sailors and his own survival after he swims to a remote deserted island. During this stage, C rusoe suffers, first, physically to provide for his food, shelter, and security. As he struggles to do this, he shows his great abilities of a resourceful, energetic, and inventive individual, although he has never had any knowledge of mechanics or mathematics. At the same time, however, he has many moral reflections which show his mental stress. c) The final stage of this process of gradual moral and spiritual re-awakening culminates in the chance his illness and dream after the earthquake.For the first time, Crusoe recognizes that he is the doer of all his misfortunes, and realizes that he is responsible of all his wrongdoings for has neither asked God for help when he is in danger, nor thanked Him when he is rescued. With this admission of guilt, Crusoe moves quickly in the road of moral and spiritual recovery. Thus he sincerely prays to God for help for the first time. After that, he feels not only physical but also spiritual ease and comfort. As he triumphs over the cannibals, saves Friday and the captain of the ship and his crew, and finally saves himself, he reaches neck satisfaction 5. Thus Crusoe is portrayed as a complex round character who reaches his moral and spiritual growth, after many experiences, .

Rebecca Walker Short Biography Essay Example for Free

Rebecca walker Short Biography EssayRebecca footer is a writer, philanthropist, feminist, and pose. She is the daughter of Alice Walker, who was also a famous feminist and writer. Growing up with a mother who was an active radical feminist heavily influenced her ideologies, although she states in her memorial that she disagrees with many of Alice Walkers more radical views. She has worked as a consultant on cultural diversity and sexual practice roles for businesses like Sony, Microsoft, and JP Morgan. Rebecca Walker was born November 17, 1969 in Jackson manuscript to Alice Walker and her husband Mel Leventhal, and Jewish American Lawyer. Her parents divorced when she was eight and she worn out(p) her childhood moving back and forth between her mothers home in San Francisco in a predominantly African American neighborhood and her Fathers home in New York in a Jewish neighborhood. While Walker was staying in San Francisco, she spent most of her time being looked after by rel atives or neighbors because her mother was frequently away working in the feminist movement. Walker had the drive and endeavor to be able to receive an excellent education. She was able to receive an education at a private high school, the Urban School of San Francisco.She graduated from Yale University in 1992. In the same year, she helped found the Third Wave Foundation, a womens leadership and activism organization. During her career as a writer, Walker has written in the subjects of gender roles, racism, sexism, politics, sexual orientation, and third wave feminism. In her autobiography Black, White, and Jewish Autobiography of a Shifting Self she speaks about her parents divorce and how her bisexuality, and her biracial and bicultural heritage has touched her life.Walker had also been a contributor to several magazines and other publications. In her book To Be Real Telling the Truth and Changing the Face of Feminism, Walker talks about her feminist views and call out her mothe rs generation of feminists for for denigrating men and encouraging women to seek independence whatever the greet to their families. (Walker 1995). Walker became an active member of the feminist movement in 1992 shortly after she graduated from Yale.She helped co found the Third Wave Foundation Walker speaks at universities and conferences about multiculturalism, equality, intergenerational cooperation, and thirdwave feminism. Walker says that the goal of third-wave feminism should not be to raise women above men, as she said her mother believed should be done, but to seek true equality for all people. Her books explained that feminists also need to work towards equality for other people in need like victims of racial discrimination and those living in poverty. As an adult, Rebecca Walker became estranged from her mother.The two frequently disagreed over Rebeccas ideologies, which were not as radical as her mothers. In 2004, Rebecca and her partner Choyin Rangdrol, a Buddhist teach er, had their first son Tenzin when Rebecca was thirty five years old. In 2007, Walker published her book Baby acknowledge Choosing Motherhood After a Lifetime of Ambivalence. Walker encourages feminists to pay attention to their age and not to miss out on the opportunity to be a mother and states the fact that she regrets waiting so long herself, as she is now unable to have second child.She argues against radical feminist ideas that motherhood is a burden to women and instead calls it a blessing. Walker has received many awards for her writing and for her activism work. She has received the Feminist of the Year award, the Woman of Distinction award, and the Women Who Could be President award. Her autobiography Black, White, and Jewish Autobiography of a Shifting Self was given the Alex Award by the American Library Association.